Charif Majdalani l'homme de la Grande maison francophone

Charif Majdalani, (Beyrouth, Liban, 1960), est un écrivain libanais.

Biographie

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Auteur Libanais, né à Beyrouth en 1960, Charif Majdalani a quinze ans lorsque éclate la guerre civile. A vingt ans, il part en France et fait ses études de Lettres modernes à l'Université d'Aix-en-Provence. Il y soutient, en 1993, une thèse sur Antonin Artaud. Il revient au Liban la même année. De 1995 à 1998, Charif Majdalani est en charge de la rubrique de critique littéraire à L'Orient-Express. Ce mensuel fondé par Samir Kassir avait introduit une impertinence, une liberté de ton et une modernité inédites dans la presse francophone au Liban. Composé de jeunes journalistes, d'étudiants, de politologues et de vieux routiers de l'imbroglio libanais L'Orient-Express s'amusait à bousculer l'hypocrisie d'une reconstruction fondée sur l'amnésie. Ce mensuel novateur et impertinent devenu en peu de temps le média de langue étrangère le plus intéressant de Beyrouth, provoqua l'ire de l'establishment libanais ainsi que des régies publicitaires. L'Orient-Express a cessé de paraître en 1998.

Depuis 1999, Charif Majdalani dirige le département de Lettres Françaises de l'Université Saint-Joseph de Beyrouth. Adepte du métissage culturel, amoureux du baroque, Charif Majdalani se définit comme "méditerranéen". Il publie son premier livre en 2002, Petit traité des mélanges, du métissage considéré comme un des beaux-arts, et son premier roman en 2005, Histoire de la grande maison où il raconte l’histoire d’une vieille famille orthodoxe de Beyrouth. Cette grande fresque romanesque, foisonnante, amène à parler de l'utilisation de l'histoire, des mythes, de ce Liban traversé par la tradition. La littérature de Charif Majdalani est donc à la fois arabe et française, puisque il est un fin connaisseur de l'une comme de l'autre.

Idées

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«Une de mes activités favorites est de chercher des exemples des "mélanges" les plus inattendus ou les moins connus (minarets dans les alpages d'Europe centrale, architecture viennoise du grand souk de Damas, rococo dans l'architecture ottomane tardive). (...) Je collectionne ces petites raretés comme d'autres les timbres ou les papillons». Charif Majdalani, cité dans Libération le jeudi 6 octobre 2005

Œuvres

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• Petit traité des mélanges, Du métissage culturel considéré comme un des beaux-arts, Editions Layali, Beyrouth, 2002, 107p

De A comme l'Affranchi Belley à Z comme Zénobie, en passant par le tarbouche, Salman Rushdie et les invasions barbares, Charif Majdalani propose une défense et illustration de l'impureté et du métissage culturel, entendus comme des moyens d'enrichissement du patrimoine de l'humanité

·        Histoire de la grande maison, Editions du Seuil, 2005, 324p

Dans le Liban de la fin du XIXe siècle, un homme doit fuir son village à la suite d'une obscure querelle. Repartant de rien, Wakim Nassar, le proscrit, va créer dans les environs de Beyrouth, à force d'audace et de volonté, des plantations d'orangers, fonder une nombreuse famille, devenir un chef de clan, un « zaïm » craint et respecté.

La Grande Maison

qu'il fait construire au centre des vergers, que les gens admirent de loin, à Ayn Chir, est le symbole de sa gloire. Puis

la Première Guerre

mondiale, la maladie, les frasques d'un de ses fils auront raison de son éphémère empire. Les descendants de Wakim devront quitter, un à un,

la Grande Maison

qui menace ruine, et prendre les chemins de l'exil. C'est l'ascension, la grandeur puis la décadence du clan Nassar que conte ce roman haute en couleur, fertile en rebondissements, traversé de caractères hors du commun. En toile de fond défile une partie de l'histoire du pays, de l'empire ottoman au mandat français. Un destin libanais. (Présentation de l'éditeur)

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